25 Ancient Egyptian Gods and Goddesses

The Ancient Egyptian pantheon is one of the oldest and most expansive in history. From the architectural wonder of the Great Pyramids to the enduring power of Egypt’s gods and goddesses, this ancient civilization has fascinated the world for thousands of years. And some deities you might recognize from other mythologies—like the Greeks—may have been inspired by Egypt’s deities.

There are more than 1,400 known deities in the Egyptian pantheon, each representing different aspects of life, death, nature, or the cosmos. Their roles can also change depending on region, dynasty, or theological emphasis.

Here’s a guide to some of the Egyptian gods you may come across, from the powerful trinity of Isis, Osiris, and Horus to Hathor and Sobek. Also, if you’re practicing magic or witchcraft, you’ll likely discover these are some of the most powerful deities to work with. 

Ancient Egyptian Gods and Goddesses

In Ancient Egypt — or, as Egyptians know it, Kemet — the gods and goddesses are known as the Neteru. They descended from Ntr or Netjer, the One, the Self-Created source of all things. According to Kemetic Orthodoxy, the Many (the Neteru) emerge from the One to take form and interact with the world.

Over those millennia, the same Neteru were grouped and organized in many different ways. Over that time, there emerged multiple origin stories, and gods waned and grew in popularity. That means there isn’t one right way to group them. For instance, in Hermopolis, the world began with a primordial sea and the Ogdoad, a collection of 8 primordia gods. In Heliopolis, the Great Ennead held a lot of power. We’ll start there. 

The Great Ennead

The Great Ennead was a group of nine deities worshiped primarily in Heliopolis, one of the major religious centers of ancient Egypt. This divine family formed one of the oldest and most influential creation myths. It begins with Atum, the self-created god, who brought forth Shu and Tefnut. Their children Geb and Nut gave birth to Osiris, Isis, Set, and Nephthys—rounding out the nine.

These gods represent the forces of creation, chaos, life, death, and kingship. Their myths shaped the Egyptian understanding of cosmic order and human experience, forming the backbone of many later religious traditions.

• Atum was the primoridal creator god of the Great Ennead. He emerged from the primoridal waters of Nun.
• Atum’s children were Shu and Tefnut
• Shu and Tefnut’s children were Geb and Nut.
• Geb and Nut’s children were: Isis, Osiris, Set, Nephthys, and Horus the Elder

1. Atum (later Atum-Ra): The Creator God

• Self-created creator god who emerged from the primordial waters of Nun.
• Brought forth Shu and Tefnut by spitting or sneezing them into existence.
• Often depicted as a man wearing the double crown of Upper and Lower Egypt.

Atum is the Self-Created One, who rose from the waters of Nun and stood on the Primeval Mound to begin creation. The primordial god produced his children Shu and Tefnut. He represents the potential for all things and the first act of conscious creation.

Later, Atum was merged with Ra to become Atum-Ra, combining his role as the creator with that of the solar deity. Atum is often depicted sitting on a throne wearing the Double Crown or Pschent that symbolizes the union of Upper and Lower Egypt.

2. Shu: God of Dry Air

• God of air, wind, and the space between sky and earth.
• Helped separate his children Nut (sky) and Geb (earth) to create the physical world.
• Often depicted as a man wearing a feathered headdress, sometimes holding up the sky.

Shu is the god of dry air and wind. He also represented the space that separates earth from sky. As the twin brother and consort of Tefnut, Shu plays a crucial role in sustaining the physical structure of the cosmos. In one myth, he lifts his daughter Nut (the sky) above his son Geb (the earth), to create the space where life could exist.

Shu is typically depicted as a man with an ostrich feather on his head, which later became the feather of Ma’at, symbolizing truth and balance. He carries an ankh, representing life.

3. Tefnut: Goddess of Moisture

• Goddess of moisture, dew, and rain.
• Partner to Shu and mother to Geb and Nut.
• Often shown as a lioness-headed woman or as a lioness.

Tefnut was the goddess of rain, moisture, dew, and fertility. She is the twin and partner of Shu, making them the first divine pair. Together they symbolize the essential balance of elements in the cosmos. As a daughter of Atum, she plays a role in bringing the material world into being. Her name is related to moisture and spit, highlighting her elemental nature.

Tefnut is also associated with the Eye of Ra, a fierce force representing the sun god’s wrath and protection. In this form, she can be both nurturing and destructive, echoing the dual nature of water. She is usually depicted as a woman with a lioness head, wearing a solar disc wrapped with the uraeus (cobra).

4. Geb: God of the Earth

• God of the Earth, snakes, earthquakes, and fertile land.
• Depicted as a reclining man with green skin beneath the arching sky goddess Nut.
• Father of Osiris, Isis, Set, Horus, and Nephthys.

Geb is the god of the earth and the father of snakes, earthquakes, and vegetation. As the son of Shu and Tefnut and the consort of Nut, Geb symbolizes the fertile land that sustains life. When he laughed, it was said the earth quaked. Later on, he became associated with the Greek god Kronos.

Depictions often show him as a human man lying on the ground beneath Nut, his partner, but separated from her by Shu. Before his integration into the Great Ennead, Geb sometimes appeared as a goose, ram, or crocodile. 

5. Nut: Goddess of the Sky

• Sky goddess who arches over the earth, covered in stars. Can be found on many temple ceilings.
• Swallowed the sun each night and gave birth to it each morning.
• Mother of Osiris, Isis, Set, Horus, and Nephthys.

Nut is the goddess of the sky. She is the daughter of Tefnut and sister and consort to Geb. She is the mother of Osiris, Isis, Set, Nephthys, and Horus the Elder. Her primary myth involves being separated from Geb by Shu, which allows life to flourish in the space between them.

She is commonly shown as a star-covered woman arched over the earth or a temple ceiling, often touching the horizon at both ends. In some myths, she swallows the sun god each evening and births him anew each dawn, embodying the celestial cycle.

6. Osiris: God of the Underworld

• God of the afterlife, resurrection, and fertility.
• Killed and dismembered by his brother Set, then resurrected by Isis.
• Depicted as a mummified man with green skin, holding a crook and flail.

Osiris was the god of the Underworld, or Duat. He was also the god of resurrection, fertility, vegetation, and the cycle of the Nile floods. He wasn’t always the god of the Underworld, however, only becoming so after his brother, Set, murdered and dismembered him.

Osiris began as a fertility god and evolved into the ruler of the Duat, or Underworld. He presides over the dead, resurrection, and the flood cycle of the Nile. After being murdered and dismembered by his jealous brother Set, Osiris was reassembled and temporarily resurrected by his wife Isis and Nephthys, long enough to conceive Horus the Younger.

Osiris was the first mummy and is usually shown as a mummified man with green skin. He wears the Atef crown (the crown of Upper Egypt) and carries the crook and flail, symbols of kingship and agriculture. Osiris later became associated with moral judgment, deciding the fate of souls based on the weight of their hearts.

7. Isis: Goddess of Magic and Healing

• Goddess of magic, healing, motherhood, and protection.
• Resurrected Osiris and hid and protected their son Horus.
• Often shown with a throne-shaped crown or outstretched wings.

Isis, known as the Great Mother, is one of the most powerful and well-known Egyptian gods. She the goddess of healing, light, magic, medicine, and protection, and the wife of Osiris. Not only did she briefly resurrect Osiris, she gave birth to Horus (and, metaphorically, to all Egyptian kings). In some texts, Isis also helps the dead on their journey to the Underworld.

Cults for Isis began in the Old Kingdom but spread beyond Egypt into the Greco-Roman world, lasting into the modern day. Priestesses of Isis performed healing rites, funeral lamentations, and magical rituals that honored her myth. They were believed to recite powerful incantations, guide the souls of the dead, and protect the living through sacred spells and the use of magical amulets.

Isis is usually depicted with a throne-shaped crown or with cow horns and a solar disc. In art, she often extends her wings in a gesture of protection. Her priestesses were thought to control the weather and interpret dreams.

If you’re looking at a sculpture or relief of a winged goddess and aren’t sure whether it’s Isis or Ma’at, check the crown. Isis typically wears a throne-shaped crown or a sun disc flanked by cow horns. Ma’at is always shown with a single upright ostrich feather on her head. Another key detail: Isis is often depicted with two full sets of wings, one above and one below, representing full-body protection. Ma’at, in contrast, has just one set of wings.

8. Nephthys: Goddess of Darkness

• Goddess of night, mourning, and protection of the dead.
• Sister of Isis and Set, wife of Set, and mother of Anubis in some myths.
• Assisted Isis in reassembling Osiris before his resurrection.

Nephthys (pronounced NEP-thys) was the second daughter of Geb and Nut, and the sister of Isis and Osiris. She was the goddess of darkness, mourning, magic, and death, and represented the heavenly temple. Some traditions name her as the mother of Anubis by Osiris, others as childless.

She is connected with the kite, hawk, or falcon – all birds that sound like women in mourning when they screech – and is often depicted with wings. Other times, Nephthys is drawn or sculpted with a basket on her head, or shown in mourning.

She is associated with mourning and lamentation, often depicted with wings or a basket atop a house, on her head. She is connected with the kite, hawk, or falcon because when they cry they sound like women in mourning.

9. Set: God of Chaos

• God of chaos, deserts, storms, and violence.
• Known for murdering his brother Osiris and battling Horus.
• Depicted as the composite Set animal.
• Seen both as a villain and a necessary force of disruption.

Set, also known as Seth or Sutekh, is the god of storms, deserts, violence, and disorder. He plays the villain in the Osiris myth, murdering his brother and taking the crown for himself. However, Set’s role isn’t purely evil. He also defends Ra from the snake Apep during his nightly journey through the Duat.

Depictions vary, but he is often shown with the head of the Set animal, a mysterious, composite creature with a curved snout, square ears, and a forked tail. If he is shown with a man’s body, he usually retains the long nose and square ears. Set represents necessary chaos, challenging order so that renewal can occur.

Other Gods and Goddesses of Ancient Egypt

The Egyptian pantheon is as vast as it is complex. While the Great Ennead of Heliopolis provided a foundational mythological structure, they were far from the only deities worshiped across ancient Egypt. Over thousands of years, beliefs evolved and hundreds of gods and goddesses rose to prominence in different cities, temples, and time periods.

Some were local deities who gained national fame. Others were aspects of older gods reimagined for a new era or merged with existing ones through syncretism. The gods were not static: their domains, relationships, and popularity shifted with dynasties, regional power, and the spiritual needs of the people. Though the full Egyptian pantheon includes countless divine figures, the following twelve deities represent some of the most enduring and influential beyond the Great Ennead.

10. Ra: God of the Sun

• Sun god and creator deity associated with kingship and cosmic order
• Usually depicted with a falcon head crowned by a solar disc encircled by a cobra
• Eye of Ra represented his fierce feminine power and divine wrath
• Central to many creation myths and one of the most widely worshiped deities in Egypt

Ra, the falcon-headed god of the sun, is one of the most important Egyptian deities. He was the god of kings, cosmic order, and the sky, and was most closely associated with the noon sun. In Egyptian mythology, Ra traveled across the sky during the day in his solar barque, and each night journeyed through the Duat (Underworld), where he battled the chaos serpent Apep to ensure the sun would rise again.

Over time, Ra became syncretized with other major deities. In the Middle Kingdom, he merged with Horus to become Ra-Horakhty, and in the New Kingdom, with Amun to become Amun-Ra. He was also linked to Atum, the primordial creator god, forming Atum-Ra. Ra’s symbol, the Eye of Ra, represented his fierce protective power and was embodied by various goddesses, including Tefnut, Sekhmet, and Hathor.

Ra is most often depicted as a man with the head of a falcon, crowned with a solar disc encircled by a cobra (uraeus), symbolizing both his dominion over the sun and his protective power. In his various forms, he can also appear as a scarab beetle (Khepri) representing the rising sun and rebirth, or as a ram-headed figure associated with the evening sun and the Underworld. Scenes of Ra in his solar barque traveling across the sky or through the Duat were common in tombs, reinforcing his central role in both cosmic and daily renewal.

11. Amun: The Hidden One and King of the Gods

• Local Theban god who rose to become king of the gods during the New Kingdom.
• Merged with the sun god to become Amun-Ra, the hidden power behind the visible sun.
• Worshiped as a creator deity and god of wind, protection, and divine will.
• Often shown as a blue-skinned man with a tall double-plumed crown or a ram-headed figure.

Amun began as a local Theban deity but rose to prominence during the Middle and New Kingdoms. As his influence grew, he merged with Ra to become Amun-Ra, the hidden force behind the visible sun and King of the Gods. In this form, he was worshiped as a god of creation, wind, protection, and divine will.

In the New Kingdom, his priesthood became so powerful it rivaled the authority of the pharaohs and his central role in Egyptian religion was so dominant that it inspired the first recorded attempt at monotheism, when Akhenaten sought to replace Amun and the traditional gods with Aten, a singular solar deity embodied by the physical sun disc. This marked a dramatic, though short-lived, shift in Egypt’s spiritual landscape.

Amun was often depicted as a blue-skinned man with a tall double-plumed headdress, and later, as a ram-headed deity.

A striking visual tribute to Amun can be found in the long Avenue of the Sphinxes that stretches from the Karnak Temple to the Luxor Temple in Thebes (modern-day Luxor). These ram-headed sphinxes are known as criosphinxes and represent Amun in his form as a protective and regal deity.

12. Ptah: The God of Craftsmen and Creation

• Creator god and patron of craftsmen, builders, and architects
• Believed to bring the world into existence through speech and imagination.
• Depicted as a mummified man with green skin and a tight skullcap holding a staff that combines the ankh (life), djed (stability), and was (power).

Ptah was the patron god of craftsmen, architects, and builders, and was worshiped the Old Kingdom’s capital city of Memphis. Like, Amun, Ptah was a creator god. He brought the world into being not by action but by imagination and speaking it into existence.

Egypt had coexisting theological traditions tied to different cities or priesthoods. In Memphis, Ptah was seen as the original creator who formed the world through thought and speech. In Thebes, Amun was believed to have created the world through his hidden, generative power.

Like Osiris, Ptah is often depicted as a mummified man with green skin. However, their roles and symbols are different. Ptah wears a tight skullcap and holding a staff that combines the ankh, djed pillar, and was scepter. These were symbols of life, stability, and power. His green skin represents creative renewal.

Osiris, on the other hand, rules the afterlife and rebirth. He wears the white Atef crown and holds the crook and flail across his chest, linking him to kingship and agricultural cycles.

13. Khnum: The Creator God of the Nile

• Ram-headed god and source of Nile and human creation.
• Believed to mold human bodies and ka on a divine potter’s wheel.
• Associated with birth, agriculture, and craftsmanship.

Khnum, the ram-headed god, was the divine potter who shaped human beings on his wheel, forming their ka and physical form. He He was also believed to control the source of the Nile and made the clay used to make the humans. He often is depicted as a muscular man with the head of a ram, sometimes working at a potter’s wheel.

14. Neith: Goddess of War and Creation

• Primordial goddess of creation, war, and weaving.
• Credited with creating the gods Ra, Sobek, and Apep.
• Often depicted wearing the Red Crown and wielding a bow with arrows.

Neith was a goddess of war, weaving, and primordial creation. Her weaving was said to shape the fabric of reality, symbolizing how destiny and creation were intertwined. In some myths, she created the world and birthed the gods Ra, Apep, and Sobek.

She was depicted as a woman wearing the Red Crown of Lower Egypt and often carried a bow and crossed arrows. Her cult center was in Sais in the Nile Delta, where she was worshiped as a protector and creator long into the Greco-Roman period.

15. Horus: God of the Sky and Kings

• Sky god and divine ruler associated with kingship and protection.
• Son of Isis and Osiris; avenged his father by defeating Set.
• Right eye of Horus symbolized the sun, his left eye the moon.
• Depicted as a falcon or a man with a falcon’s head.

Horus was the god of the sky, war, and rightful rule, and was central to the mythic cycle of Osiris. As the son of Isis and Osiris, Horus avenged his father’s death by defeating Set in a legendary struggle for the throne of Egypt. Through this victory, he became the divine prototype of pharaohs, who were considered the “Living Horus” on earth.

In Egyptian mythology, his right eye symbolized the sun, and his left eye represented the moon. During his battle with Set, Horus’s left eye was injured or torn out (depending on the myth), and later restored, either by Hathor or Thoth depending on the version. This restored eye became known as the Eye of Horus, or Wadjet, and came to symbolize healing, protection, and restoration. Its image was widely used in amulets to ward off evil and bring wholeness, especially for the dead in the afterlife.

Horus existed in multiple forms, including Horus the Elder and Horus the Younger and is typically depicted as a falcon or a man with a falcon head wearing the Double Crown of Upper and Lower Egypt.

16. Thoth: God of Wisdom, Writing, and Magic

• God of writing, language, magic, time, and the Moon.
• Credited with creating hieroglyphs and maintaining cosmic balance.
• Depicted with the head of an ibis or sometimes a baboon.
• Works with Ma’at in the afterlife to determine a soul’s fate.

Thoth, the ibis- or baboon-headed god, was the divine scribe and master of language, mathematics, and timekeeping. Credited with inventing writing and hieroglyphs, he was the patron of scribes and scholars, and played a crucial role in maintaining cosmic order. Thoth was also revered as a god of magic and sacred knowledge, often invoked in spells and ritual workings that required precision, wisdom, or spiritual authority.

Thoth also served as a mediator between gods, and in the afterlife, he recorded the outcome of the weighing of the heart against Ma’at’s feather. His deep association with lunar cycles also made him a god of reckoning time. He was considered self-created and, in some myths, even birthed the Ogdoad or assisted in the rebirth of the moon.

Thoth was later associated with Hermes by the Greeks, resulting in the syncretic deity Hermes Trismegistus (“Thrice-Great Hermes”), who is central to the Hermetic tradition.

17. Ma’at: Goddess of Balance, Truth, and Justice

• Goddess and personification of truth, justice, and cosmic order.
• Ma’at’s feather determined a soul’s fate. If a heart weighed more, it was fed to the creature Ammit.
• Associated with the 42 Laws of Ma’at, a spiritual guide for the living.
• Depicted as a woman with an ostrich feather or ostrich wings.

Ma’at personified the fundamental order of the universe and was the goddess of balance, justice, and truth. Her ideals were codified in the The 42 Laws of Ma’at, also known as the Negative Confessions, which appear in the Papyrus of Ani within the Book of the Dead.

These declarations were spoken by the deceased before a panel of gods to affirm their moral purity and served as a spiritual and ethical code Egyptians were expected to live by. In the afterlife, hearts were weighed against her feather to determine a soul’s fate. If a soul was pure and followed her laws, it passed on. If not, it was fed to Ammit.

Ma’at is typically shown as a woman with an ostrich feather on her head or simply as a feather itself or with outstretched ostrich wings.

18. Anubis: God of the Dead and Mummification

• God of mummification, the afterlife, and the dead
• Depicted as a man with the head of a jackal or as a full jackal
• Prepared the dead for burial and guided souls through the underworld
• Weighed hearts against Ma’at’s feather in the Hall of Two Truths

Anubis, the jackal-headed god, was considered the primary god of the dead before Osiris began to rule the Duat. He was also the guardian of tombs and overseer of embalming and funerary rites. He helped guide souls to the afterlife and protected them along their journey.

Anubis is most famous for weighing the hearts of the deceased against the feather of Ma’at in the Hall of Two Truths. If a soul was pure, it passed on; if not, it was devoured by the creature Ammit. His role in mummification made him essential to Egyptian spiritual practice and one of the most enduring figures in their mythology.

19. Hathor: The Goddess of Love, Joy, and Fertility

• Goddess of love, beauty, music, fertility, joy, and motherhood.
• Depicted as a woman with cow horns and a solar disc, or as a cow.
• Her temple at Dendera is one place the Dendera light motif can be found.

Hathor was the goddess of love, joy, fertility, beauty, music, and motherhood. Her name means “House of Horus,” and she was considered both his wife and mother, depending on the myth. She was also closely linked to the Eye of Ra, acting as one of his protectors and transforming into the fierce lioness goddess Sekhmet when his wrath needed to be unleashed.

Hathor was widely worshiped by women, especially in the New Kingdom, for blessings of fertility and childbirth. And at her temple in Dendera, a special birthing house was built in her honor, emphasizing her role in childbirth and maternal protection.

She is usually depicted either as a cow, a woman with cow ears, or a woman wearing a headdress of cow horns and a solar disc.

20. Sekhmet: Goddess of War and Protection

• Lion-headed goddess of war, plague, protection, and healing.
• Considered the wrathful form of Hathor and a manifestation of the Eye of Ra.
• Worshiped for both her destructive power and healing abilities.

Sekhmet was a lion-headed goddess of destruction, war, and plague, but also of healing and protection. She guarded pharaohs in battle and was honored in medical temples. Her duality as destroyer and healer made her one of the most feared and revered goddesses in the Egyptian pantheon.

She was said to be the Eye of Ra unleashed, sent to punish humanity when they disobeyed the gods. Her rage was so great it nearly destroyed the world, until Ra pacified her with beer dyed to look like blood.

In this myth, Sekhmet is also closely connected to Hathor. After drinking the beer and calming her fury, she transformed back into the goddess Hathor.

21. Bastet: Goddess of Cats, Protection, and Fertility

• Cat goddess of fertility, home, protection, and women’s secrets.
• Originally a lioness warrior, she softened into a domestic feline form and is often depicted as a woman with a cat’s head, often holding a sistrum.

Bastet, also known as Bast, is the goddess of fertility, music, and domestic harmony. he protected homes from disease and evil spirits, particularly those that were believed to threatened women and children.

She was originally depicted as a lioness warrior goddess who protected Lower Egypt. The daughter of Ra and consort of Ptah eventually evolved into a gentler form, as a woman with the head of a domestic black cat.

22. Mut: The Mother Goddess

• Mother goddess and consort of Amun, part of the Theban Triad with Khonsu.
• Usually depicted wearing the double crown of Egypt, sometimes with vulture wings.
• Associated with royalty, protection, and motherhood.

Mut, whose name means “mother,” was a powerful goddess associated with motherhood, protection, and royal lineage. She was the wife of Amun and mother of Khonsu, the lunar god, forming the Theban Triad worshiped at Karnak. In some traditions, she was a primordial creator, emerging from the waters of Nun like Atum.

Mut was often shown as a woman wearing the Double Crown (Pschent) of Upper and Lower Egypt, symbolizing her sovereignty. She could also be depicted with the wings of a vulture, holding an ankh and wearing a long, tight-fitting dress. Her iconography emphasized her status as both nurturing and fiercely protective.

23. Khonsu: God of the Moon

• God of the Moon and member of the Theban Triad with parents Amun and Mut.
• Associated with timekeeping, healing, and fertility.
• Depicted as a young man with a sidelock, wearing a lunar crescent and full moon.

Khonsu, the youthful god of the moon, governed time, healing, and protection during the night. His name means “traveler,” reflecting the moon’s nightly journey across the sky.

He was part of the Theban Triad alongside his parents Amun and Mut. In some myths, Khonsu had immense power, even feared by other gods. His temple at Karnak highlights his importance in Theban religion. He was often depicted as a mummified youth with a sidelock of youth and a crescent moon above his head.

24. Sobek: God of the Crocodiles

• Crocodile-headed god of the Nile, fertility, and military strength.
• Associated with water, protection, and unpredictability.
• Depicted with the body of a man and head of a crocodile.

Sobek was the crocodile-headed god associated with the Nile River, fertility, and military prowess. His worship centered in the Faiyum region, where crocodiles were sacred and even mummified in his honor. Egyptians saw him as both fearsome and protective, capable of blessing the land with fertile floods or unleashing chaos.

Sobek was believed to create order through strength, and his role as a fertility god made him vital to agriculture. He was sometimes syncretized with Ra as Sobek-Ra. Despite his fearsome aspect, Egyptians honored him for his power to guard the pharaoh and repel the dangers of the Nile.

A still standing temple to Sobek is the Temple of Kom Ombo, located in Upper Egypt along the Nile. It’s a double temple dedicated to Sobek and Horus the Elder, with mirror-image sanctuaries and a mummified crocodile display in the adjacent Crocodile Museum. 

25. Bes: God of Protection, Childbirth, and Joy

• Guardian of homes, especially for mothers and children.
• Depicted as a stocky, dwarf figure facing forward with bulging eyes and his tongue out.
• Associated with music, dancing, and warding off evil spirits,

Bes was a minor god who protected homes, women, and children, especially during childbirth. Unlike most Egyptian deities, he was depicted full-face rather than in profile, and was a dwarf with a protruding tongue, and feathered headdress. His image was thought to ward off evil spirits and misfortune.

Bes was deeply beloved and frequently shown in domestic amulets and home decorations. He was humorous, wild, and crude in appearance, but his intentions were protective, embodying joy and safety in everyday life. 

Sources and Further Reading

Egyptian Mythology: A Guide to the Gods, Goddesses, and Traditions of Ancient Egypt by Geraldine Pinch
The Ancient Egyptian Pyramid Texts
The Egyptian Book of the Dead
The Lamentations of Isis and Nephthys: Fragmentary Osirian Papyri, Part I
Reading Egyptian Art Hieroglyphic Guide to Ancient Egyptian Painting and Sculpture by Richard Wilkinson
The Complete Gods and Goddesses of Ancient Egypt by Richard H. Wilkinson